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Build Better Handbook: Table of Contents
  •   

    Start Here

    • Introduction to the Build Better Handbook

    • Manufacturing Term Glossary

  •   

    Getting Culture Right

    • Jeff Lutz: Team Culture Drives Product Performancepopular

    • Scrappy Ways to Execute Like Applepopular

    • Building a Culture of Quality

      • Building the World's Most Reliable Products: Insights from Medical and Defense Leaders
      • Fear Management
  •   

    NPI: A How To Guide for Engineers & Their Leaders

    • Leading from the Front

      • Marcel Tremblay: The Olympic Mindset & Engineering Leadershippopular
      • Anurag Gupta: Framework to Accelerate NPI
      • Kyle Wiens on Why Design Repairability is Good for Business
      • Nathan Ackerman on NPI: Do The Hard Thing First
      • JDM Operational Excellence in NPI
    • Building the Team

      • Quality is Set in Development & Maintained in Production
      • 3 Lessons from Tesla’s Former NPI Leader
      • Maik Duwensee: The Future of Hardware Integrity & Reliability
      • Reject Fake NPI Schedules to Ship on Time
      • Leadership Guidance for Failure to Meet Exit Criteria
    • Screws & Glue: Getting Stuff Done

      • Choosing the best CAD software for product design
      • Screws vs Glues in Design, Assembly, & Repair
      • Best Practices for Glue in Electronics
      • A Practical Guide to Magnets
      • Inspection 101: Measurements
      • A Primer on Color Matching
      • OK2Fly Checklists
      • Developing Your Reliability Test Suite
      • Guide to DOEs (Design of Experiments)
      • Ten Chinese phrases for your next build
    • NPI Processes & Workflows

      • EVT, DVT, PVT Stage Gate Definitions
      • Hardware Schedules are Driven by Iteration
      • The Shedletsky Test: 12 Requirements for NPI Programs
      • 4 Best Practices for Generational Knowledge Building
  •   

    Production: A Primer for Operations, Quality, & Their Leaders

    • Leading for Scale

      • Navigating Factory Moves and Scaling Production in an Era of Uncertainty with PRG's Wayne Miller
      • Steven Nickel on How Google Designs for Repair
      • Petcube’s Alex Neskin Embraces Imperfection to Deliver Innovation
      • Proven Strategies for Collaborating with Contract Manufacturers
      • Greg Reichow’s Manufacturing Process Performance Quadrants
      • 8D Problem Solving: Sam Bowen Describes the Power of Stopping
      • Cut Costs by Getting Your Engineers in the Field
      • Garrett Bastable on Building Your Own Factory
      • Oracle Supply Chain Leader Mitigates Risk with Better Relationships
      • Brendan Green on Working with Manufacturers
      • Surviving Disaster: A Lesson in Quality from Marcy Alstott
    • Ship It!

      • Serialization for Electronics Manufacturing
      • Tactics to Derisk Ramp
      • E-Commerce Ratings Make Product Quality a Competitive Edge
    • Production Processes & Workflows

      • Failure Analysis Methods for Product Design Engineers: Finding Sources of Error
      • Failure Analysis Methods for Product Design Engineers: Tools and Techniques
      • How to Improve First Pass Yield with Instrumental
      • How to Identify Dark Yield
      • JDM Operational Excellence in Production
  •   

    Thinking Ahead: How to Evaluate New Technologies

    • How to Buy Software (for Hardware Leaders who Usually Don’t)

    • Adopting AI in the Aerospace and Defense Electronics Space

    • Build vs Buy: A Guide to Implementing Smart Manufacturing Technology

    • Leonel Leal on How Engineers Should Frame a Business Case for Innovation

    • Saw through the Buzzwords

      • Managed Cloud vs Self-Hosted Cloud vs On-Premises for Manufacturing Data
      • AOI, Smart AOI, & Beyond: Keyence vs Cognex vs Instrumentalpopular
      • Visual Inspection AI: AWS Lookout, Landing AI, & Instrumental
      • Manual Inspection vs. AI Inspection with Instrumentalpopular
      • Electronics Assembly Automation Tipping Points
      • CTO of ASUS: Systems Integrators for Manufacturing Automation Don't Scale
    • ROI-Driven Business Cases & Realized Value

      • Building a Buying Committee
      • How to Buy Software (for Those Who Usually Don't)
  •   

    Webinars and Live Event Recordings

    • Get Me Outta Here! Racing to Full Production Somewhere Else

    • Tariff Talk for Electronics Brands: Policies Reactions, Reciprocal Tariffs, and more.

    • Materials Planning: The Hidden Challenges of Factory Transitions

    • Build Better 2024 Sessions On Demand

      • Superpowers for Engineers: Leveraging AI to Accelerate NPI | Build Better 2024
      • The Motorola Way, the Apple Way, and the Next Way | Build Better 2024
      • The Future of Functional Test: Fast, Scalable, Simple | Build Better 2024
      • Build Better 2024 Keynote | The Next Way
      • Principles for a Modern Manufacturing Technology Stack for Defense | Build Better 2024
      • What's Next for America's Critical Supply Chains | Build Better 2024
      • Innovating in Refurbishment, Repair, and Remanufacturing | Build Better 2024
      • Leading from the Front: The Missing Chapter for Hardware Executives | Build Better 2024
      • The Next Way for Reducing NPI Cycles | Build Better 2024
    • The State of Hardware 2025: 1,000 Engineers on Trends, Challenges, and Toolsets | Build Better 2024

      • Scaling Manufacturing: How Zero-to-One Lessons Unlock New Opportunities in Existing Operations | Build Better 2024
    • Build Better Fireside Chats

      • Aerospace and Defense: Headwinds & Tailwinds for Electronics Manufacturing in 2025
      • From Counterfeits to Sanctions: Securing Your Supply Chain in an Era of Conflict
      • Design for Instrumental - Simple Design Ideas for Engineers to Get the Most from AI in NPI
      • Webinar | Shining Light on the Shadow Factory
      • Tactics in Failure Analysis : A fireside chat with Dr. Steven Murray
    • Preparing for Tariffs in 2025: Resources for Electronics Manufacturers

      • How to Prepare for Tariffs in 2025: Leaders Share Lessons and Strategies
      • Tariff Talk for Electronics Brands
      • Talking Trade Compliance with Gabrielle Griffith
      • GUIDE: Moving Your Factory
  1. Build Better Handbook
  2. Production: A Primer for Operations, Quality, & Their Leaders
  3. Garrett Bastable on Building Your Own Factory

Garrett Bastable on Building Your Own Factory

Estimated reading time: · copy link

Garrett Bastable’s career has been anything but linear. Long before working at Density, Garrett was a naval officer leading anti-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia. After leaving the armed forces, he joined Apple, leading a strategic sourcing team responsible for every connector and cable that went into Apple’s products. His final program at Apple was the first generation Apple Watch, where he was in charge of the S1 SIP module, a first-of-its-kind motherboard-as-chip component.

In 2016, Garrett joined the founding team at Density, a startup dedicated to measuring how people move through and use their workspace, as Head of Operations. But it wasn’t long until Garrett’s team faced unique manufacturing challenges that would eventually inspire him to build a factory in his backyard.

Garrett Bastable, Head of Operations at Density, holds a Density people counting device in his factory in Syracuse, NY

A Unique Solution for a Unique Problem

Density was founded as a B2B SaaS solution for tracking how people move, wander, and linger in space. “We originally planned to buy existing people-counting hardware and focus our energies on our software products.” Density’s first obstacle came from their unique approach to data collection: they were designing a product that provided data anonymity at the source, but nobody manufactured hardware that could do that.

Garrett and his team approached three different hardware design and engineering firms to find someone who could design and manufacture their product. Still, they kept running into the same walls: factories needed Density to provide the engineering and design of the new people counters, and they were hesitant to produce it at the lower volume Garrett initially required. And while Density was able to eventually find a contract manufacturer in Plano, TX, who they temporarily leaned on, it quickly became apparent they already had all the capabilities they needed at Density.

“So we decided to in-house all our hardware engineering, operations, design work, and assembly. That turned out to be a breakthrough decision for us.”

Build a Top-Notch Facility at Bargain-Basement Prices

The cost of setting up this factory? About $60,000.

Density found space in a pre-existing building in Syracuse called The Tech Garden. “It was 5,000 square feet, plus or minus, and we had one full production line,” Garrett recalls. The cost of setting up this factory? About $60,000. “It blew my mind. My estimate was close to $1.25 million.” Though the factory had some high-cost components, like cameras and equipment required to qualify as an FDA self-certifying authority for their eye-safe lasers, the benches and other components were surprisingly reasonable. CenterState Corporation for Economic Opportunity subsidized the facility itself. “We can build thousands of units on this single production line. When you look at the cost of doing this and compare it to flying people out to Asia, the cost of hotels and travel alone, not to mention the MVA (manufacturing value add, the cost you pay to a manufacturer for assembly), would easily wipe away the cost of the initial line.”

Density can produce over ten thousand units per year on that line alone. Since replicating it, they boosted their annual production to fifty thousand, then expanded to a facility down the street with a capacity to manufacture 375,000 sensors a year.

Supercharge Quality by Investing in Your Team and Metrics

The decision to build locally was not only cheaper but also came with a surprising effect on quality. “Early on in our very first production line, we had some escapes, but even then, it was less than one percent,” Garrett said. And things have only gotten better: out of thousands of shipped products on one of their current production lines, Density has encountered two confirmed field failures. Two. “We have insanely good quality. It’s unbelievable to me.”

We have insanely good quality. It’s unbelievable to me.

Garrett Bastable
Former Head of Operations at Density

Garrett attributes much of it to Density’s employees. “The workers are full-time employees of our company. We give them the same benefits as everyone else. We’re one of the most attractive places to work [in the area], and as a result, people care deeply about the product.” Compared to employees in a contract factory who may not be incentivized to focus on quality, Density factory employees are very conscious of every device they built. Operators on the line are more proactive about quality issues, even discovering new ones and implementing fixes in real-time.

In addition to fostering a team passionate about working at Density, Garrett’s experience at Apple taught him to value manufacturing analytics and measuring quality metrics. “We decided to overinvest in our metrics. Instrumental and other metrics measuring tools are super valuable. You can track, maintain quality, and keep costs in check as you scale.” With the dedication of his employees and the defect detection that quality metrics can provide, Garrett produced a smooth-running line with a 99.9% yield.

Saving money and increasing quality? Talk about a win-win.

Forget About Automation Until You Can’t

Reducing headcount by automating processes may seem like every operation manager’s dream, but Garrett and his team took the opposite approach when building their factory. “We didn’t initially try to automate. We wanted to make sure our product worked.” Garrett would eventually consider implementing automation, but only as a surgical fix for the facility’s most time-consuming processes, like a 43-minute power check and range calibration test required to certify their lasers. “It was maybe 5 minutes of operator time, but it’s 43 minutes,” he recalls. His engineering team was able to design a solution that decreased the total time to under 4 minutes.

Keep Your Secrets Close

We don’t have to risk sending our algorithms over to external partners and sharing our know-how.

Garrett Bastable
Former Head of Operations at Density
If cost savings and high quality weren’t enough to seal the deal, Garrett discovered other ancillary benefits to Destiny’s domestic factory. “We sell to the federal government, so being made in the USA is a big benefit.” The decision also allows Destiny to protect their proprietary calibration processes and other intellectual property. “We don’t have to risk sending our algorithms over to external partners and sharing our know-how,” he noted.

Should You Build Your Own Factory?

While Garrett sings the praises of building a domestic factory, he warns it’s not always the answer for every company. “If you have a relatively simple product at high volume, Asia is probably right for you. But I would advise you,” he cautioned, “to remember that early on many teams think they have a simple product and think they will hit a high volume out the gate. The reality is products are more complex than we perceive, and volume takes longer to get to.”

But when you press him to get into the brass tacks, he obliges. “If you’re building fifty thousand or less, in my view, it’s a no-brainer to build domestically.” Above one hundred thousand, Garrett argues that it’s a question of margin, but the math for every company is unique to them. “We’re a model that’s looking to bring the cost of the hardware down so we can ultimately give it away for free and focus on the data that’s being generated.”

Garrett also advises interested companies not to skimp on their people. “Hire excellent operations, engineering, and design team members. It’s critical. You cannot do this without those folks. Staff a high-quality manufacturing team. Invest in them because they will invest in your product.” And lastly, don’t forget the quality metrics: “Metrics are so important. You could screw this up if you don't track metrics.”

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